Screening and Diagnostics

The common application of routine cervical cancer selection has significantly enhanced physicians' skill to detect cancerous and precancerous changes of the cervix. Globally, the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been distinguished in as many as 99.7% of cervical cancer. It is assessed that 50% of women analyzed with invasive cervical cancer have never had a Papanicolaou test, and 10% have not had a Papanicolaou test in the 5 years prior to diagnosis. Sadly, despite widespread screening and treatment of pre-invasive lesions, there are still approximately 12,000 new cases of cervical cancer in the United Kingdom each year and roughly 4,000 annual deaths from the disease. Pregnancy tests are done by detecting human chorionic gonadotropin. The treatment of pregnancy involves a multifaceted approach using 3 main diagnostic tools i.e. history and physical examination, laboratory evaluation, and ultrasonography.